Ustye, Ust-Kubinsky District, Vologda Oblast
Ustye (Russian: Устье), also Ustye Kubenskoye (Russian: Устье Кубенское) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ust-Kubinsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Kubena River close to its confluence with Lake Kubenskoye. It also serves as the administrative center of Ustyansky Selsoviet, one of the ten selsoviets into which the district is administratively divided. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Ustyanskoye Rural Settlement. Until 2004 Ustye was an urban-type settlement. Population: 4,148 (2002 Census);[3] 4,534 (1989 Census).[5]
History
The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. Kamenny Monastery on Kamenny Island on Lake Kubenskoye was founded in 1260. In 15th century, the area, known as Zaozyorye (translated as Trans-lake lands), for a short period became a principality, Principality of Zaozyorye, which was dependent on Principality of Yaroslavl. Before 1447, it became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. It is not exactly known what was the capital of the principality but presumably it was located at the current location of Ustye. Ivan the Terrible visited the mouth of the Kubena in 1545. The selo of Ustye is known since 1570.[6] Due to the location on one of the trading routes connecting the basins of the Northern Dvina and the Volga, and in the mouth of the Kubena, Ustye became a prosperous settlement living from trading. It was also a gateway for the pilgrims heading to Kamenny Monastery.[7] In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Zaozyorye was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. Ustye became then part of Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the Northern Krai, and Ust-Kubinsky District with the administrative center of Ustye was established among others. In 1932, Ustye became an urban-type settlement.[6] In 2004 the status was revoked, and it became a selo again.
Economy
Industry
There are timber inductry, construction industry, and food industry enterprises located in Ustye.[6]
Transport
Ustye is connected by a road with Sokol. There are also local roads in the district, with regular bus traffic.
The lower course of the Kubena and Lake Kubenskoye are navigable, however, there is no passenger navigation in Ustye. The northern part of Lake Kubenskoye, which belongs to the basin of the Northern Dvina River, is connected by Northern Dvina Canal with the town of Kirillov and the Sheksna River, thus connecting the basins of the White Sea and the Volga. In 19th century, the canal and Lake Kubenskoye were the main waterway connecting the Volga with the White Sea. However, in 1930s the White Sea – Baltic Canal was built, and the Northern Dvina Canal lost its significance. The canal is still in operation, serving cargo traffic and occasional cruise ships, which then proceed to Lake Kubenskoye.
Culture and recreation
Ustye contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (the ensemble of churches known as Voskresensky Pogost) and additionally twenty-nine objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The ruins of Kamenny Monastery on Kamenny Island are also protected as a federal monument.[8][9]
Ustye hosts the Ust-Kubinsky District Museum of History and Ethnography.[10]
Two of the handicrafts developed in Ust-Kubensky District and, in particular, in Ustye, have been officially recognized and protected by Vologda Oblast Law.[11] These are lace-making (Ustye Lace, Kubenoozyorskoye Lace) and oxhorn carving (Ustye Horns).
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 19 240 828 002», в ред. изменения №168/2011 от 1 октября 2011 г. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 19 240 828 002, as amended by the Amendment #168/2010 of October 1, 2011. ).
- ^ a b c d Law #1122-OZ
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ a b c Судаков, Г. В. (2006). Г. В. Судаков. ed (in Russian). Вологодская энциклопедия. Вологда: ВГПУ, Русь. p. 486. ISBN 5-87822-305-8. http://www.booksite.ru/fulltext/sud/ako/vsk/aya/2.pdf. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ^ "Устье-Кубенское" (in Russian). Историко-культурное наследие Вологодской области. http://www.cultinfo.ru/nasledie/list_ustie.htm. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. http://kulturnoe-nasledie.ru/. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
- ^ "Памятники" (in Russian). Администрация Усть-Кубинского района. http://www.kubena35.ru/%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.html. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ "Усть-Кубинский районный историко-этнографический музей" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. http://www.museum.ru/M2993. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ "Закон Вологодской области от 14 июля 1999 года N 379-ОЗ О народных художественных промыслах в Вологодской области" (in Russian). Федеральный регистр. http://docs.cntd.ru/document/938502661. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №371-ОЗ от 4 июня 1999 г. «О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области», в ред. Закона №1452-ОЗ от 30 мая 2006 г «О внесении изменений в Закон области "О порядке решения вопросов административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №124–125, 29 июля 1999 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #371-OZ of June 4, 1999 On the Matter of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Law #1452-OZ of May 30, 2006 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Procedures of Handling the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication).
- Правительство Вологодской области. Постановление №178 от 1 марта 2010 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Вологодской области». (Government of Vologda Oblast. Resolution #178 of March 1, 2010 On Adopting the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Vologda Oblast. ).